Couples in Mali who spoke to each other about family planning were significantly more likely not only to use modern contraception, but also to adopt a series of healthy behaviors including getting tested for HIV during pre-natal care visits and seeking treatment for a child's cough, new research suggests.
Only 30 percent of the participants in a survey of 4,409 women of reproductive age in the West African nation said they had spoken to their husbands in the previous year about family planning. Danielle Naugle, research and evaluation officer at the Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, or CCP, says the findings suggest that developing ways to improve spousal communication—and to get more couples talking to each other—could boost health across the board.
"If we can change spousal communication for the better, we might be able to improve a lot of the health-seeking behaviors in Mali," she says.
Image caption: Study finds that women who communicated with their spouses about family planning were nine times more likely to use modern contraception than those who had not communicated with their spouses.
Image credit: Center for Communication Programs
Naugle will present the research at the 2018 International Social and Behavior Change Communication Summit in Nusa Dua, Indonesia, on April 17. She says the culture in Mali makes it very difficult for couples to communicate, especially on topics such as their bodies, bodily functions, and sex. Often the women are married at young ages to older men and move in with their in-laws, where they feel embarrassed to have what are considered taboo conversations—even with their husbands.
For their research, Naugle and her colleagues analyzed survey results covering a wide range of health behaviors including family planning, maternal and child health, malaria, HIV, water, and sanitation. They also analyzed data collected through 33 focus groups and 64 in-depth interviews with women of reproductive age, male partners, in-laws, and health care workers.
As expected, those who communicated with their spouses about family planning were nine times more likely to use modern contraception than those who had not communicated with their spouses. What was more surprising was that those who had communicated about family planning were more than twice as likely to have taken their children for treatment for a cough and nearly twice as likely to have gotten pre-natal care, as well as more likely to have delivered their babies at a health facility and been tested for HIV during pre-natal care visits.
Image caption: A vendor sells condoms and other health products in Mali
Image credit: Center for Communication Programs
"These behaviors are not really related to family planning, and yet those who communicated about family planning were more likely to adopt a whole list of healthy behaviors," says Naugle.
CCP operates the USAID-funded Keneya Jemu Kan integrated health project in Mali, designed to reduce maternal, infant, and child mortality. The project has already begun to work on ways to increase spousal communication. They are at work on both a drama series that models open spousal communication and a game show that will model open spousal communication in a fun and lighthearted manner while also addressing knowledge around key health behaviors.
It's a strategy that has proven effective in the past, researchers found.
"Go Men Go," produced by the CCP-led Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative 2, was a radio program that aired in northern Nigeria and was designed to appeal to men. After 13 episodes were broadcast, researchers conducted a study of 1,134 women of reproductive age, finding that women who said their husbands had listened to the radio discussion program over the previous six months were three times more likely to have discussed family planning with their spouses.
"We must explore the use of electronic media platforms to engage men on family planning," says Khadijah A. Ibrahim-Nuhu, NURHI's senior program officer for advocacy and demand generation. "This type of programming can foster a supportive environment, triggering positive interaction between spouses in northern Nigeria."
Posted in Health
Tagged global health, maternal health, center for communication programs
